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.venv/Lib/site-packages/atomicwrites-1.4.0.dist-info/INSTALLER

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+pip

.venv/Lib/site-packages/atomicwrites-1.4.0.dist-info/LICENSE

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+Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Markus Unterwaditzer
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

.venv/Lib/site-packages/atomicwrites-1.4.0.dist-info/METADATA

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+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: atomicwrites
+Version: 1.4.0
+Summary: Atomic file writes.
+Home-page: https://github.com/untitaker/python-atomicwrites
+Author: Markus Unterwaditzer
+Author-email: markus@unterwaditzer.net
+License: MIT
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Requires-Python: >=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*
+
+===================
+python-atomicwrites
+===================
+
+.. image:: https://travis-ci.org/untitaker/python-atomicwrites.svg?branch=master
+    :target: https://travis-ci.org/untitaker/python-atomicwrites
+
+.. image:: https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/vadc4le3c27to59x/branch/master?svg=true
+   :target: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/untitaker/python-atomicwrites/branch/master
+
+Atomic file writes.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from atomicwrites import atomic_write
+
+    with atomic_write('foo.txt', overwrite=True) as f:
+        f.write('Hello world.')
+        # "foo.txt" doesn't exist yet.
+
+    # Now it does.
+
+
+Features that distinguish it from other similar libraries (see `Alternatives and Credit`_):
+
+- Race-free assertion that the target file doesn't yet exist. This can be
+  controlled with the ``overwrite`` parameter.
+
+- Windows support, although not well-tested. The MSDN resources are not very
+  explicit about which operations are atomic. I'm basing my assumptions off `a
+  comment
+  <https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/windowsdesktop/en-US/449bb49d-8acc-48dc-a46f-0760ceddbfc3/movefileexmovefilereplaceexisting-ntfs-same-volume-atomic?forum=windowssdk#a239bc26-eaf0-4920-9f21-440bd2be9cc8>`_
+  by `Doug Crook
+  <https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Profile/doug%20e.%20cook>`_, who appears
+  to be a Microsoft employee:
+
+      FAQ: Is MoveFileEx atomic
+      Frequently asked question: Is MoveFileEx atomic if the existing and new
+      files are both on the same drive?
+
+      The simple answer is "usually, but in some cases it will silently fall-back
+      to a non-atomic method, so don't count on it".
+
+      The implementation of MoveFileEx looks something like this: [...]
+
+      The problem is if the rename fails, you might end up with a CopyFile, which
+      is definitely not atomic.
+
+      If you really need atomic-or-nothing, you can try calling
+      NtSetInformationFile, which is unsupported but is much more likely to be
+      atomic. 
+
+- Simple high-level API that wraps a very flexible class-based API.
+
+- Consistent error handling across platforms.
+
+
+How it works
+============
+
+It uses a temporary file in the same directory as the given path. This ensures
+that the temporary file resides on the same filesystem.
+
+The temporary file will then be atomically moved to the target location: On
+POSIX, it will use ``rename`` if files should be overwritten, otherwise a
+combination of ``link`` and ``unlink``. On Windows, it uses MoveFileEx_ through
+stdlib's ``ctypes`` with the appropriate flags.
+
+Note that with ``link`` and ``unlink``, there's a timewindow where the file
+might be available under two entries in the filesystem: The name of the
+temporary file, and the name of the target file.
+
+Also note that the permissions of the target file may change this way. In some
+situations a ``chmod`` can be issued without any concurrency problems, but
+since that is not always the case, this library doesn't do it by itself.
+
+.. _MoveFileEx: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa365240%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
+
+fsync
+-----
+
+On POSIX, ``fsync`` is invoked on the temporary file after it is written (to
+flush file content and metadata), and on the parent directory after the file is
+moved (to flush filename).
+
+``fsync`` does not take care of disks' internal buffers, but there don't seem
+to be any standard POSIX APIs for that. On OS X, ``fcntl`` is used with
+``F_FULLFSYNC`` instead of ``fsync`` for that reason.
+
+On Windows, `_commit <https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17618685.aspx>`_
+is used, but there are no guarantees about disk internal buffers.
+
+Alternatives and Credit
+=======================
+
+Atomicwrites is directly inspired by the following libraries (and shares a
+minimal amount of code):
+
+- The Trac project's `utility functions
+  <http://www.edgewall.org/docs/tags-trac-0.11.7/epydoc/trac.util-pysrc.html>`_,
+  also used in `Werkzeug <http://werkzeug.pocoo.org/>`_ and
+  `mitsuhiko/python-atomicfile
+  <https://github.com/mitsuhiko/python-atomicfile>`_. The idea to use
+  ``ctypes`` instead of ``PyWin32`` originated there.
+
+- `abarnert/fatomic <https://github.com/abarnert/fatomic>`_. Windows support
+  (based on ``PyWin32``) was originally taken from there.
+
+Other alternatives to atomicwrites include:
+
+- `sashka/atomicfile <https://github.com/sashka/atomicfile>`_. Originally I
+  considered using that, but at the time it was lacking a lot of features I
+  needed (Windows support, overwrite-parameter, overriding behavior through
+  subclassing).
+
+- The `Boltons library collection <https://github.com/mahmoud/boltons>`_
+  features a class for atomic file writes, which seems to have a very similar
+  ``overwrite`` parameter. It is lacking Windows support though.
+
+License
+=======
+
+Licensed under the MIT, see ``LICENSE``.
+
+

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.venv/Lib/site-packages/atomicwrites-1.4.0.dist-info/top_level.txt

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