feat: add CaptchaDecodeError type and retry transient HTTP errors during captcha polling

Bump github.com/valyala/fasthttp from 1.69.0 to 1.70.0

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -1,2 +1 @@
 buy_me_a_coffee: aykhan
-custom: https://commerce.coinbase.com/checkout/0f33d2fb-54a6-44f5-8783-006ebf70d1a0

.github/workflows/lint.yaml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
-          go-version: 1.26.0
+          go-version: 1.26.1
       - name: go fix
         run: |
           go fix ./...
@@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ jobs:
       - name: golangci-lint
         uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v9
         with:
-          version: v2.9.0
+          version: v2.11.4

.github/workflows/release.yaml

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           echo "VERSION=$(git describe --tags --always)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
           echo "GIT_COMMIT=$(git rev-parse HEAD)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "GO_VERSION=1.26.0" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "GO_VERSION=1.26.1" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Set up Go
         if: github.event_name == 'release' || inputs.build_binaries

Dockerfile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-ARG GO_VERSION=1.26.0
+ARG GO_VERSION=1.26.1
 
 FROM docker.io/library/golang:${GO_VERSION}-alpine AS builder
 

README.md

@@ -26,10 +26,11 @@ Sarin is designed for efficient HTTP load testing with minimal resource consumpt
 | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
 | High-performance with low memory footprint                 | Detailed response body analysis |
 | Long-running duration/count based tests                    | Extensive response statistics   |
-| Dynamic requests via 320+ template functions               | Web UI or complex TUI           |
+| Dynamic requests via 340+ template functions               | Web UI or complex TUI           |
 | Request scripting with Lua and JavaScript                  | Distributed load testing        |
 | Multiple proxy protocols<br>(HTTP, HTTPS, SOCKS5, SOCKS5H) | HTTP/2, HTTP/3, WebSocket, gRPC |
-| Flexible config (CLI, ENV, YAML)                           | Plugins / extensions ecosystem  |
+| Captcha solving<br>(2Captcha, Anti-Captcha, CapSolver)     | Plugins / extensions ecosystem  |
+| Flexible config (CLI, ENV, YAML)                           |                                 |
 
 ## Installation
 

Taskfile.yaml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ version: "3"
 
 vars:
   BIN_DIR: ./bin
-  GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION: v2.9.0
+  GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION: v2.11.4
   GOLANGCI: "{{.BIN_DIR}}/golangci-lint-{{.GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION}}"
 
 tasks:

docs/examples.md

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ This guide provides practical examples for common Sarin use cases.
 - [Request-Based vs Duration-Based Tests](#request-based-vs-duration-based-tests)
 - [Headers, Cookies, and Parameters](#headers-cookies-and-parameters)
 - [Dynamic Requests with Templating](#dynamic-requests-with-templating)
+- [Solving Captchas](#solving-captchas)
 - [Request Bodies](#request-bodies)
 - [File Uploads](#file-uploads)
 - [Using Proxies](#using-proxies)
@@ -371,7 +372,29 @@ body: '{"ip": "{{ fakeit_IPv4Address }}", "timestamp": "{{ fakeit_Date }}", "act
 
 </details>
 
-> For the complete list of 320+ template functions, see the **[Templating Guide](templating.md)**.
+> For the complete list of 340+ template functions, see the **[Templating Guide](templating.md)**.
+
+## Solving Captchas
+
+Sarin can solve captchas through third-party services and embed the resulting token into the request. Three services are supported via dedicated template functions: **2Captcha**, **Anti-Captcha**, and **CapSolver**.
+
+**Solve a reCAPTCHA v2 and submit the token in the request body:**
+
+```sh
+sarin -U https://example.com/login -M POST -r 1 \
+  -B '{"g-recaptcha-response": "{{ twocaptcha_RecaptchaV2 "YOUR_API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com/login" }}"}'
+```
+
+**Reuse a single solved token across multiple requests via `values`:**
+
+```sh
+sarin -U https://example.com/api -M POST -r 5 \
+  -V 'TOKEN={{ anticaptcha_Turnstile "YOUR_API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com/api" }}' \
+  -H "X-Turnstile-Token: {{ .Values.TOKEN }}" \
+  -B '{"token": "{{ .Values.TOKEN }}"}'
+```
+
+> See the **[Templating Guide](templating.md#captcha-functions)** for the full list of captcha functions and per-service support.
 
 ## Request Bodies
 

docs/templating.md

@@ -4,14 +4,23 @@ Sarin supports Go templates in URL paths, methods, bodies, headers, params, cook
 
 > **Note:** Templating in URL host and scheme is not supported. Only the path portion of the URL can contain templates.
 
+> **Note:** Template rendering happens before the request is sent. The request timeout (`-T` / `timeout`) only governs the HTTP request itself and starts _after_ templates have finished rendering, so slow template functions (e.g. captcha solvers, remote `file_Read`) cannot cause a request timeout no matter how long they take.
+
 ## Table of Contents
 
 - [Using Values](#using-values)
 - [General Functions](#general-functions)
     - [String Functions](#string-functions)
     - [Collection Functions](#collection-functions)
+    - [JSON Functions](#json-functions)
+    - [Time Functions](#time-functions)
+    - [Crypto Functions](#crypto-functions)
     - [Body Functions](#body-functions)
     - [File Functions](#file-functions)
+- [Captcha Functions](#captcha-functions)
+    - [2Captcha](#2captcha)
+    - [Anti-Captcha](#anti-captcha)
+    - [CapSolver](#capsolver)
 - [Fake Data Functions](#fake-data-functions)
     - [File](#file)
     - [ID](#id)
@@ -109,6 +118,51 @@ sarin -U http://example.com/users \
 | `slice_Int(values ...int)`               | Create int slice                              | `{{ slice_Int 1 2 3 }}`                                  |
 | `slice_Uint(values ...uint)`             | Create uint slice                             | `{{ slice_Uint 1 2 3 }}`                                 |
 
+### JSON Functions
+
+Build JSON payloads programmatically without manual quoting or escaping. `json_Object` is the ergonomic shortcut for flat objects; `json_Encode` marshals any value (slice, map, etc.) to a JSON string.
+
+| Function                    | Description                                                                                            | Example                                               |
+| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------- |
+| `json_Object(pairs ...any)` | Build an object from interleaved key-value pairs and return it as a JSON string. Keys must be strings. | `{{ json_Object "name" "Alice" "age" 30 }}`           |
+| `json_Encode(v any)`        | Marshal any value (slice, map, etc.) to a JSON string.                                                 | `{{ json_Encode (slice_Str "a" "b") }}` → `["a","b"]` |
+
+**Examples:**
+
+```yaml
+# Flat object with fake data
+body: '{{ json_Object "name" (fakeit_FirstName) "email" (fakeit_Email) }}'
+
+# Embed a solved captcha token
+body: '{{ json_Object "g-recaptcha-response" (twocaptcha_RecaptchaV2 "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com") }}'
+
+# Encode a slice as a JSON array
+body: '{{ json_Encode (slice_Str "a" "b" "c") }}'
+
+# Encode a string dictionary (map[string]string)
+body: '{{ json_Encode (dict_Str "key1" "value1" "key2" "value2") }}'
+```
+
+> **Note:** Object keys are serialized in alphabetical order (Go's `encoding/json` default), not insertion order. For API payloads this is almost always fine because JSON key order is semantically irrelevant.
+
+### Time Functions
+
+| Function                 | Description                                 | Example                                                                         |
+| ------------------------ | ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `time_NowUnix`           | Current Unix timestamp (seconds)            | `{{ time_NowUnix }}` → `1735689600`                                             |
+| `time_NowUnixMilli`      | Current Unix timestamp (milliseconds)       | `{{ time_NowUnixMilli }}` → `1735689600123`                                     |
+| `time_NowRFC3339`        | Current time in RFC3339 format              | `{{ time_NowRFC3339 }}` → `"2026-02-26T21:00:00Z"`                              |
+| `time_Format(layout, t)` | Format a `time.Time` value with a Go layout | `{{ time_Format "2006-01-02" (strings_ToDate "2024-05-10") }}` → `"2024-05-10"` |
+
+### Crypto Functions
+
+| Function                             | Description                                | Example                                      |
+| ------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------- |
+| `crypto_SHA256(s string)`            | SHA-256 hash (hex-encoded)                 | `{{ crypto_SHA256 "hello" }}`                |
+| `crypto_MD5(s string)`               | MD5 hash (hex-encoded)                     | `{{ crypto_MD5 "hello" }}`                   |
+| `crypto_HMACSHA256(key, msg string)` | HMAC-SHA256 signature (hex-encoded)        | `{{ crypto_HMACSHA256 "secret" "payload" }}` |
+| `crypto_Base64URL(s string)`         | Base64 URL-safe encoding (without padding) | `{{ crypto_Base64URL "hello world" }}`       |
+
 ### Body Functions
 
 | Function                         | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                 | Example                                                             |
@@ -153,11 +207,18 @@ body: '{{ body_FormData "twitter" "@@username" }}'
 
 | Function                     | Description                                                                                               | Example                                 |
 | ---------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
+| `file_Read(source string)`   | Read a file (local path or URL) and return raw content as string. Files are cached after first read.      | `{{ file_Read "/path/to/file.txt" }}`   |
 | `file_Base64(source string)` | Read a file (local path or URL) and return its Base64 encoded content. Files are cached after first read. | `{{ file_Base64 "/path/to/file.pdf" }}` |
 
-**`file_Base64` Details:**
+**`file_Read` and `file_Base64` Details:**
 
 ```yaml
+# Local file as plain text
+body: '{{ file_Read "/path/to/template.json" }}'
+
+# Remote text file
+body: '{{ file_Read "https://example.com/payload.txt" }}'
+
 # Local file as Base64 in JSON body
 body: '{"file": "{{ file_Base64 "/path/to/document.pdf" }}", "filename": "document.pdf"}'
 
@@ -169,6 +230,95 @@ values: "FILE_DATA={{ file_Base64 \"/path/to/file.bin\" }}"
 body: '{"data": "{{ .Values.FILE_DATA }}"}'
 ```
 
+## Captcha Functions
+
+Captcha functions solve a captcha challenge through a third-party solving service and return the resulting token, which can then be embedded directly into a request. They are intended for load testing endpoints protected by reCAPTCHA, hCaptcha, or Cloudflare Turnstile.
+
+The functions are organized by service: `twocaptcha_*`, `anticaptcha_*`, and `capsolver_*`. Each accepts the API key as the first argument so no global configuration is required — bring your own key and use any of the supported services per template.
+
+> **Important — performance and cost:**
+>
+> - **Each call is slow.** Solving typically takes ~5–60 seconds because the function blocks the template render until the third-party service returns a token. Internally the solver polls every 1s and gives up after 120s.
+> - **Each call costs money.** Every successful solve is billed by the captcha service (typically $0.001–$0.003 per solve). For high-volume tests, your captcha bill grows linearly with request count.
+
+**Common parameters across all captcha functions:**
+
+- `apiKey` - Your API key for the chosen captcha solving service
+- `siteKey` - The captcha sitekey extracted from the target page (e.g. the `data-sitekey` attribute on a reCAPTCHA, hCaptcha, or Turnstile element)
+- `pageURL` - The URL of the page where the captcha is hosted
+
+### 2Captcha
+
+Functions for the [2Captcha](https://2captcha.com) service. Note: 2Captcha **does not currently support hCaptcha** through their API.
+
+| Function                                                                 | Description                                                               |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `twocaptcha_RecaptchaV2(apiKey, siteKey, pageURL string)`                | Solve a Google reCAPTCHA v2 challenge                                     |
+| `twocaptcha_RecaptchaV3(apiKey, siteKey, pageURL, pageAction string)`    | Solve a Google reCAPTCHA v3 challenge. Pass `""` for `pageAction` to omit |
+| `twocaptcha_Turnstile(apiKey, siteKey, pageURL string, cData ...string)` | Solve a Cloudflare Turnstile challenge. Optional `cData` argument         |
+
+### Anti-Captcha
+
+Functions for the [Anti-Captcha](https://anti-captcha.com) service. This is currently the only service that supports all four captcha types end-to-end.
+
+| Function                                                                  | Description                                                                                                           |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `anticaptcha_RecaptchaV2(apiKey, siteKey, pageURL string)`                | Solve a Google reCAPTCHA v2 challenge                                                                                 |
+| `anticaptcha_RecaptchaV3(apiKey, siteKey, pageURL, pageAction string)`    | Solve a Google reCAPTCHA v3 challenge. `minScore` is hardcoded to `0.3` (Anti-Captcha rejects the request without it) |
+| `anticaptcha_HCaptcha(apiKey, siteKey, pageURL string)`                   | Solve an hCaptcha challenge                                                                                           |
+| `anticaptcha_Turnstile(apiKey, siteKey, pageURL string, cData ...string)` | Solve a Cloudflare Turnstile challenge. Optional `cData` argument                                                     |
+
+### CapSolver
+
+Functions for the [CapSolver](https://capsolver.com) service. Note: CapSolver no longer supports hCaptcha.
+
+| Function                                                                | Description                                                               |
+| ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `capsolver_RecaptchaV2(apiKey, siteKey, pageURL string)`                | Solve a Google reCAPTCHA v2 challenge                                     |
+| `capsolver_RecaptchaV3(apiKey, siteKey, pageURL, pageAction string)`    | Solve a Google reCAPTCHA v3 challenge. Pass `""` for `pageAction` to omit |
+| `capsolver_Turnstile(apiKey, siteKey, pageURL string, cData ...string)` | Solve a Cloudflare Turnstile challenge. Optional `cData` argument         |
+
+**Examples:**
+
+```yaml
+# reCAPTCHA v2 in a JSON body via 2Captcha
+method: POST
+url: https://example.com/login
+body: |
+    {
+      "username": "test",
+      "g-recaptcha-response": "{{ twocaptcha_RecaptchaV2 "YOUR_API_KEY" "6LfD3PIb..." "https://example.com/login" }}"
+    }
+```
+
+```yaml
+# Turnstile via Anti-Captcha with cData
+method: POST
+url: https://example.com/submit
+body: |
+    {
+      "cf-turnstile-response": "{{ anticaptcha_Turnstile "YOUR_API_KEY" "0x4AAAAAAA..." "https://example.com/submit" "session-cdata" }}"
+    }
+```
+
+```yaml
+# hCaptcha via Anti-Captcha (the only service that still supports it)
+method: POST
+url: https://example.com/protected
+body: |
+    {
+      "h-captcha-response": "{{ anticaptcha_HCaptcha "YOUR_API_KEY" "338af34c-..." "https://example.com/protected" }}"
+    }
+```
+
+```yaml
+# Share a single solved token across body and headers via values
+values: 'TOKEN={{ capsolver_Turnstile "YOUR_API_KEY" "0x4AAAAAAA..." "https://example.com" }}'
+headers:
+    X-Turnstile-Token: "{{ .Values.TOKEN }}"
+body: '{"token": "{{ .Values.TOKEN }}"}'
+```
+
 ## Fake Data Functions
 
 These functions are powered by [gofakeit](https://github.com/brianvoe/gofakeit) library.

go.mod

@@ -1,47 +1,46 @@
 module go.aykhans.me/sarin
 
-go 1.26.0
+go 1.26.1
 
 require (
-	github.com/brianvoe/gofakeit/v7 v7.14.0
+	github.com/brianvoe/gofakeit/v7 v7.14.1
 	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v1.0.0
 	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.10
-	github.com/charmbracelet/glamour v0.10.0
+	github.com/charmbracelet/glamour v1.0.0
 	github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v1.1.1-0.20250404203927-76690c660834
 	github.com/charmbracelet/x/term v0.2.2
-	github.com/dop251/goja v0.0.0-20260106131823-651366fbe6e3
+	github.com/dop251/goja v0.0.0-20260311135729-065cd970411c
 	github.com/joho/godotenv v1.5.1
-	github.com/valyala/fasthttp v1.69.0
+	github.com/valyala/fasthttp v1.70.0
-	github.com/yuin/gopher-lua v1.1.1
+	github.com/yuin/gopher-lua v1.1.2
 	go.aykhans.me/utils v1.0.7
-	go.yaml.in/yaml/v4 v4.0.0-rc.3
+	go.yaml.in/yaml/v4 v4.0.0-rc.4
-	golang.org/x/net v0.50.0
+	golang.org/x/net v0.52.0
 )
 
 require (
-	github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.21.1 // indirect
+	github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.23.1 // indirect
-	github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/aymerick/douceur v0.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/charmbracelet/colorprofile v0.4.1 // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/colorprofile v0.4.3 // indirect
 	github.com/charmbracelet/harmonica v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/charmbracelet/x/ansi v0.11.6 // indirect
 	github.com/charmbracelet/x/cellbuf v0.0.15 // indirect
-	github.com/charmbracelet/x/exp/slice v0.0.0-20260109001716-2fbdffcb221f // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/x/exp/slice v0.0.0-20260329003944-7eda8903d971 // indirect
-	github.com/clipperhouse/displaywidth v0.9.0 // indirect
+	github.com/clipperhouse/displaywidth v0.11.0 // indirect
-	github.com/clipperhouse/stringish v0.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/clipperhouse/uax29/v2 v2.7.0 // indirect
-	github.com/clipperhouse/uax29/v2 v2.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc // indirect
 	github.com/dlclark/regexp2 v1.11.5 // indirect
 	github.com/erikgeiser/coninput v0.0.0-20211004153227-1c3628e74d0f // indirect
-	github.com/go-sourcemap/sourcemap v2.1.3+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/go-sourcemap/sourcemap v2.1.4+incompatible // indirect
-	github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20230207041349-798e818bf904 // indirect
+	github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20260302011040-a15ffb7f9dcc // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/css v1.0.1 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.2 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.5 // indirect
-	github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-localereader v0.0.1 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.19 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.21 // indirect
 	github.com/microcosm-cc/bluemonday v1.0.27 // indirect
 	github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20230316100256-276c6243b2f6 // indirect
 	github.com/muesli/cancelreader v0.2.2 // indirect
@@ -51,9 +50,9 @@ require (
 	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7 // indirect
 	github.com/valyala/bytebufferpool v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/xo/terminfo v0.0.0-20220910002029-abceb7e1c41e // indirect
-	github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.7.16 // indirect
+	github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.8.2 // indirect
 	github.com/yuin/goldmark-emoji v1.0.6 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.41.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.42.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/term v0.40.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/term v0.41.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.34.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.35.0 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -2,28 +2,28 @@ github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.2.1 h1:RN9w6+7QoMeJVGyfmbcgs28Br8cvmnucEXnY0
 github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.2.1/go.mod h1:qvl/7zhW3nngYb5+80sSMF+FG2BjYrf8m9wsX0PNOMQ=
 github.com/alecthomas/assert/v2 v2.11.0 h1:2Q9r3ki8+JYXvGsDyBXwH3LcJ+WK5D0gc5E8vS6K3D0=
 github.com/alecthomas/assert/v2 v2.11.0/go.mod h1:Bze95FyfUr7x34QZrjL+XP+0qgp/zg8yS+TtBj1WA3k=
-github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.21.1 h1:FaSDrp6N+3pphkNKU6HPCiYLgm8dbe5UXIXcoBhZSWA=
+github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.23.1 h1:nv2AVZdTyClGbVQkIzlDm/rnhk1E9bU9nXwmZ/Vk/iY=
-github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.21.1/go.mod h1:NqVhfBR0lte5Ouh3DcthuUCTUpDC9cxBOfyMbMQPs3o=
+github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.23.1/go.mod h1:NqVhfBR0lte5Ouh3DcthuUCTUpDC9cxBOfyMbMQPs3o=
 github.com/alecthomas/repr v0.5.2 h1:SU73FTI9D1P5UNtvseffFSGmdNci/O6RsqzeXJtP0Qs=
 github.com/alecthomas/repr v0.5.2/go.mod h1:Fr0507jx4eOXV7AlPV6AVZLYrLIuIeSOWtW57eE/O/4=
-github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.0 h1:ukwgCxwYrmACq68yiUqwIWnGY0cTPox/M94sVwToPjQ=
+github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.1 h1:R+f5xP285VArJDRgowrfb9DqL18yVK0gKAW/F+eTWro=
-github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.0/go.mod h1:rzTDkvFWvIrjDXZHkuS16NPggd91W3kUSvPlQ1pLaKY=
+github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.1/go.mod h1:rzTDkvFWvIrjDXZHkuS16NPggd91W3kUSvPlQ1pLaKY=
 github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1 h1:HwpRHbFMcZLEVr42D4p7XBqjyuxQH5SMiErDT4WkJ2k=
 github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1/go.mod h1:uYgXzlJ7ZpABp8OJ+exZzJJhRNQ2ASbcXHWsFqH8hp8=
 github.com/aymanbagabas/go-udiff v0.3.1 h1:LV+qyBQ2pqe0u42ZsUEtPiCaUoqgA9gYRDs3vj1nolY=
 github.com/aymanbagabas/go-udiff v0.3.1/go.mod h1:G0fsKmG+P6ylD0r6N/KgQD/nWzgfnl8ZBcNLgcbrw8E=
 github.com/aymerick/douceur v0.2.0 h1:Mv+mAeH1Q+n9Fr+oyamOlAkUNPWPlA8PPGR0QAaYuPk=
 github.com/aymerick/douceur v0.2.0/go.mod h1:wlT5vV2O3h55X9m7iVYN0TBM0NH/MmbLnd30/FjWUq4=
-github.com/brianvoe/gofakeit/v7 v7.14.0 h1:R8tmT/rTDJmD2ngpqBL9rAKydiL7Qr2u3CXPqRt59pk=
+github.com/brianvoe/gofakeit/v7 v7.14.1 h1:a7fe3fonbj0cW3wgl5VwIKfZtiH9C3cLnwcIXWT7sow=
-github.com/brianvoe/gofakeit/v7 v7.14.0/go.mod h1:QXuPeBw164PJCzCUZVmgpgHJ3Llj49jSLVkKPMtxtxA=
+github.com/brianvoe/gofakeit/v7 v7.14.1/go.mod h1:QXuPeBw164PJCzCUZVmgpgHJ3Llj49jSLVkKPMtxtxA=
 github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v1.0.0 h1:12J8/ak/uCZEMQ6KU7pcfwceyjLlWsDLAxB5fXonfvc=
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-github.com/charmbracelet/glamour v0.10.0 h1:MtZvfwsYCx8jEPFJm3rIBFIMZUfUJ765oX8V6kXldcY=
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-github.com/charmbracelet/glamour v0.10.0/go.mod h1:f+uf+I/ChNmqo087elLnVdCiVgjSKWuXa/l6NU2ndYk=
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@@ -34,45 +34,43 @@ github.com/charmbracelet/x/cellbuf v0.0.15 h1:ur3pZy0o6z/R7EylET877CBxaiE1Sp1GMx
 github.com/charmbracelet/x/cellbuf v0.0.15/go.mod h1:J1YVbR7MUuEGIFPCaaZ96KDl5NoS0DAWkskup+mOY+Q=
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 github.com/charmbracelet/x/exp/golden v0.0.0-20241011142426-46044092ad91/go.mod h1:wDlXFlCrmJ8J+swcL/MnGUuYnqgQdW9rhSD61oNMb6U=
-github.com/charmbracelet/x/exp/slice v0.0.0-20260109001716-2fbdffcb221f h1:kvAY8ffwhFuxWqtVI6+9E5vmgTApG96hswFLXJfsxHI=
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-github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.19 h1:v++JhqYnZuu5jSKrk9RbgF5v4CGUjqRfBm05byFGLdw=
+github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.21 h1:jJKAZiQH+2mIinzCJIaIG9Be1+0NR+5sz/lYEEjdM8w=
-github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.19/go.mod h1:XBkDxAl56ILZc9knddidhrOlY5R/pDhgLpndooCuJAs=
+github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.21/go.mod h1:XBkDxAl56ILZc9knddidhrOlY5R/pDhgLpndooCuJAs=
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@@ -93,34 +91,34 @@ github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1 h1:7s2iGBzp5EwR7/aIZr8ao5+dra3wiQyKjjFuvgVKu
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1/go.mod h1:wZwfW3scLgRK+23gO65QZefKpKQRnfz6sD981Nm4B6U=
 github.com/valyala/bytebufferpool v1.0.0 h1:GqA5TC/0021Y/b9FG4Oi9Mr3q7XYx6KllzawFIhcdPw=
 github.com/valyala/bytebufferpool v1.0.0/go.mod h1:6bBcMArwyJ5K/AmCkWv1jt77kVWyCJ6HpOuEn7z0Csc=
-github.com/valyala/fasthttp v1.69.0 h1:fNLLESD2SooWeh2cidsuFtOcrEi4uB4m1mPrkJMZyVI=
+github.com/valyala/fasthttp v1.70.0 h1:LAhMGcWk13QZWm85+eg8ZBNbrq5mnkWFGbHMUJHIdXA=
-github.com/valyala/fasthttp v1.69.0/go.mod h1:4wA4PfAraPlAsJ5jMSqCE2ug5tqUPwKXxVj8oNECGcw=
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 github.com/xo/terminfo v0.0.0-20220910002029-abceb7e1c41e h1:JVG44RsyaB9T2KIHavMF/ppJZNG9ZpyihvCd0w101no=
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-github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.7.16 h1:n+CJdUxaFMiDUNnWC3dMWCIQJSkxH4uz3ZwQBkAlVNE=
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-go.yaml.in/yaml/v4 v4.0.0-rc.3 h1:3h1fjsh1CTAPjW7q/EMe+C8shx5d8ctzZTrLcs/j8Go=
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-golang.org/x/sys v0.41.0 h1:Ivj+2Cp/ylzLiEU89QhWblYnOE9zerudt9Ftecq2C6k=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.42.0 h1:omrd2nAlyT5ESRdCLYdm3+fMfNFE/+Rf4bDIQImRJeo=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.41.0/go.mod h1:OgkHotnGiDImocRcuBABYBEXf8A9a87e/uXjp9XT3ks=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.42.0/go.mod h1:4GL1E5IUh+htKOUEOaiffhrAeqysfVGipDYzABqnCmw=
-golang.org/x/term v0.40.0 h1:36e4zGLqU4yhjlmxEaagx2KuYbJq3EwY8K943ZsHcvg=
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-golang.org/x/term v0.40.0/go.mod h1:w2P8uVp06p2iyKKuvXIm7N/y0UCRt3UfJTfZ7oOpglM=
+golang.org/x/term v0.41.0/go.mod h1:3pfBgksrReYfZ5lvYM0kSO0LIkAl4Yl2bXOkKP7Ec2A=
-golang.org/x/text v0.34.0 h1:oL/Qq0Kdaqxa1KbNeMKwQq0reLCCaFtqu2eNuSeNHbk=
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internal/config/config.go

@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ func (config Config) Validate() error {
 		validationErrors = append(validationErrors, types.NewFieldValidationError("Duration", "0", errors.New("duration must be greater than 0")))
 	}
 
-	if *config.Timeout < 1 {
+	if config.Timeout == nil || *config.Timeout < 1 {
 		validationErrors = append(validationErrors, types.NewFieldValidationError("Timeout", "0", errors.New("timeout must be greater than 0")))
 	}
 

internal/config/env.go

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ func (parser ConfigENVParser) Parse() (*Config, error) {
 				types.NewFieldParseError(
 					parser.getFullEnvName("DURATION"),
 					duration,
-					errors.New("invalid value duration, expected a duration string (e.g., '10s', '1h30m')"),
+					errors.New("invalid value for duration, expected a duration string (e.g., '10s', '1h30m')"),
 				),
 			)
 		} else {
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ func (parser ConfigENVParser) Parse() (*Config, error) {
 				types.NewFieldParseError(
 					parser.getFullEnvName("TIMEOUT"),
 					timeout,
-					errors.New("invalid value duration, expected a duration string (e.g., '10s', '1h30m')"),
+					errors.New("invalid value for duration, expected a duration string (e.g., '10s', '1h30m')"),
 				),
 			)
 		} else {

internal/sarin/captcha.go

@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+package sarin
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"go.aykhans.me/sarin/internal/types"
+)
+
+const (
+	captchaPollInterval = 1 * time.Second
+	captchaPollTimeout  = 120 * time.Second
+)
+
+var captchaHTTPClient = &http.Client{Timeout: 5 * time.Second}
+
+// solveCaptcha creates a task on the given captcha service and polls until it is solved,
+// returning the extracted token from the solution object.
+//
+// baseURL is the service API base (e.g. "https://api.2captcha.com").
+// task is the task payload the service expects (type + service-specific fields).
+// solutionKey is the field name in the solution object that holds the token.
+// taskIDIsString controls whether taskId is sent back as a string (CapSolver UUIDs)
+// or a JSON number (2Captcha, Anti-Captcha).
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.ErrCaptchaKeyEmpty
+//   - types.CaptchaRequestError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+//   - types.CaptchaPollTimeoutError
+//   - types.CaptchaSolutionKeyError
+func solveCaptcha(baseURL, apiKey string, task map[string]any, solutionKey string, taskIDIsString bool) (string, error) {
+	if apiKey == "" {
+		return "", types.ErrCaptchaKeyEmpty
+	}
+
+	taskID, err := captchaCreateTask(baseURL, apiKey, task)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return captchaPollResult(baseURL, apiKey, taskID, solutionKey, taskIDIsString)
+}
+
+// captchaCreateTask submits a task to the captcha service and returns the assigned taskId.
+// The taskId is normalized to a string: numeric IDs are preserved via json.RawMessage,
+// and quoted string IDs (CapSolver UUIDs) have their surrounding quotes stripped.
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.CaptchaRequestError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+func captchaCreateTask(baseURL, apiKey string, task map[string]any) (string, error) {
+	body := map[string]any{
+		"clientKey": apiKey,
+		"task":      task,
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.Marshal(body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", types.NewCaptchaDecodeError("createTask", err)
+	}
+
+	resp, err := captchaHTTPClient.Post(
+		baseURL+"/createTask",
+		"application/json",
+		bytes.NewReader(data),
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", types.NewCaptchaRequestError("createTask", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close() //nolint:errcheck
+
+	var result struct {
+		ErrorID          int             `json:"errorId"`
+		ErrorCode        string          `json:"errorCode"`
+		ErrorDescription string          `json:"errorDescription"`
+		TaskID           json.RawMessage `json:"taskId"`
+	}
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
+		return "", types.NewCaptchaDecodeError("createTask", err)
+	}
+
+	if result.ErrorID != 0 {
+		return "", types.NewCaptchaAPIError("createTask", result.ErrorCode, result.ErrorDescription)
+	}
+
+	// taskId may be a JSON number (2captcha, anti-captcha) or a quoted string (capsolver UUIDs).
+	// Strip surrounding quotes if present so we always work with the underlying value.
+	taskID := strings.Trim(string(result.TaskID), `"`)
+	if taskID == "" {
+		return "", types.NewCaptchaAPIError("createTask", "EMPTY_TASK_ID", "service returned a successful response with no taskId")
+	}
+	return taskID, nil
+}
+
+// captchaPollResult polls the getTaskResult endpoint at captchaPollInterval until the task
+// is solved, an error is returned by the service, or the overall captchaPollTimeout is hit.
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.CaptchaPollTimeoutError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+//   - types.CaptchaSolutionKeyError
+func captchaPollResult(baseURL, apiKey, taskID, solutionKey string, taskIDIsString bool) (string, error) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), captchaPollTimeout)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(captchaPollInterval)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return "", types.NewCaptchaPollTimeoutError(taskID)
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			token, err := captchaGetTaskResult(baseURL, apiKey, taskID, solutionKey, taskIDIsString)
+			if errors.Is(err, types.ErrCaptchaProcessing) {
+				continue
+			}
+			// Retry on transient HTTP errors (timeouts, connection resets, etc.)
+			// instead of failing the entire solve. The poll loop timeout will
+			// eventually catch permanently unreachable services.
+			if _, ok := errors.AsType[types.CaptchaRequestError](err); ok {
+				continue
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				return "", err
+			}
+			return token, nil
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// captchaGetTaskResult fetches a single task result from the captcha service.
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.ErrCaptchaProcessing
+//   - types.CaptchaRequestError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+//   - types.CaptchaSolutionKeyError
+func captchaGetTaskResult(baseURL, apiKey, taskID, solutionKey string, taskIDIsString bool) (string, error) {
+	var bodyMap map[string]any
+	if taskIDIsString {
+		bodyMap = map[string]any{"clientKey": apiKey, "taskId": taskID}
+	} else {
+		bodyMap = map[string]any{"clientKey": apiKey, "taskId": json.Number(taskID)}
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.Marshal(bodyMap)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", types.NewCaptchaDecodeError("getTaskResult", err)
+	}
+
+	resp, err := captchaHTTPClient.Post(
+		baseURL+"/getTaskResult",
+		"application/json",
+		bytes.NewReader(data),
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", types.NewCaptchaRequestError("getTaskResult", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close() //nolint:errcheck
+
+	var result struct {
+		ErrorID          int            `json:"errorId"`
+		ErrorCode        string         `json:"errorCode"`
+		ErrorDescription string         `json:"errorDescription"`
+		Status           string         `json:"status"`
+		Solution         map[string]any `json:"solution"`
+	}
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
+		return "", types.NewCaptchaDecodeError("getTaskResult", err)
+	}
+
+	if result.ErrorID != 0 {
+		return "", types.NewCaptchaAPIError("getTaskResult", result.ErrorCode, result.ErrorDescription)
+	}
+
+	if result.Status == "processing" || result.Status == "idle" {
+		return "", types.ErrCaptchaProcessing
+	}
+
+	token, ok := result.Solution[solutionKey]
+	if !ok {
+		return "", types.NewCaptchaSolutionKeyError(solutionKey)
+	}
+	tokenStr, ok := token.(string)
+	if !ok {
+		return "", types.NewCaptchaSolutionKeyError(solutionKey)
+	}
+
+	return tokenStr, nil
+}
+
+// ======================================== 2Captcha ========================================
+
+const twoCaptchaBaseURL = "https://api.2captcha.com"
+
+// twoCaptchaSolveRecaptchaV2 solves a Google reCAPTCHA v2 challenge via 2Captcha.
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.ErrCaptchaKeyEmpty
+//   - types.CaptchaRequestError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+//   - types.CaptchaPollTimeoutError
+//   - types.CaptchaSolutionKeyError
+func twoCaptchaSolveRecaptchaV2(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey string) (string, error) {
+	return solveCaptcha(twoCaptchaBaseURL, apiKey, map[string]any{
+		"type":       "RecaptchaV2TaskProxyless",
+		"websiteURL": websiteURL,
+		"websiteKey": websiteKey,
+	}, "gRecaptchaResponse", false)
+}
+
+// twoCaptchaSolveRecaptchaV3 solves a Google reCAPTCHA v3 challenge via 2Captcha.
+// pageAction may be empty.
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.ErrCaptchaKeyEmpty
+//   - types.CaptchaRequestError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+//   - types.CaptchaPollTimeoutError
+//   - types.CaptchaSolutionKeyError
+func twoCaptchaSolveRecaptchaV3(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey, pageAction string) (string, error) {
+	task := map[string]any{
+		"type":       "RecaptchaV3TaskProxyless",
+		"websiteURL": websiteURL,
+		"websiteKey": websiteKey,
+	}
+	if pageAction != "" {
+		task["pageAction"] = pageAction
+	}
+	return solveCaptcha(twoCaptchaBaseURL, apiKey, task, "gRecaptchaResponse", false)
+}
+
+// twoCaptchaSolveTurnstile solves a Cloudflare Turnstile challenge via 2Captcha.
+// cData may be empty.
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.ErrCaptchaKeyEmpty
+//   - types.CaptchaRequestError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+//   - types.CaptchaPollTimeoutError
+//   - types.CaptchaSolutionKeyError
+func twoCaptchaSolveTurnstile(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey, cData string) (string, error) {
+	task := map[string]any{
+		"type":       "TurnstileTaskProxyless",
+		"websiteURL": websiteURL,
+		"websiteKey": websiteKey,
+	}
+	if cData != "" {
+		task["data"] = cData
+	}
+	return solveCaptcha(twoCaptchaBaseURL, apiKey, task, "token", false)
+}
+
+// ======================================== Anti-Captcha ========================================
+
+const antiCaptchaBaseURL = "https://api.anti-captcha.com"
+
+// antiCaptchaSolveRecaptchaV2 solves a Google reCAPTCHA v2 challenge via Anti-Captcha.
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.ErrCaptchaKeyEmpty
+//   - types.CaptchaRequestError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+//   - types.CaptchaPollTimeoutError
+//   - types.CaptchaSolutionKeyError
+func antiCaptchaSolveRecaptchaV2(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey string) (string, error) {
+	return solveCaptcha(antiCaptchaBaseURL, apiKey, map[string]any{
+		"type":       "RecaptchaV2TaskProxyless",
+		"websiteURL": websiteURL,
+		"websiteKey": websiteKey,
+	}, "gRecaptchaResponse", false)
+}
+
+// antiCaptchaSolveRecaptchaV3 solves a Google reCAPTCHA v3 challenge via Anti-Captcha.
+// pageAction may be empty. minScore is hardcoded to 0.3 (the loosest threshold) because
+// Anti-Captcha rejects the request without it.
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.ErrCaptchaKeyEmpty
+//   - types.CaptchaRequestError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+//   - types.CaptchaPollTimeoutError
+//   - types.CaptchaSolutionKeyError
+func antiCaptchaSolveRecaptchaV3(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey, pageAction string) (string, error) {
+	task := map[string]any{
+		"type":       "RecaptchaV3TaskProxyless",
+		"websiteURL": websiteURL,
+		"websiteKey": websiteKey,
+		"minScore":   0.3,
+	}
+	if pageAction != "" {
+		task["pageAction"] = pageAction
+	}
+	return solveCaptcha(antiCaptchaBaseURL, apiKey, task, "gRecaptchaResponse", false)
+}
+
+// antiCaptchaSolveHCaptcha solves an hCaptcha challenge via Anti-Captcha.
+// Anti-Captcha returns hCaptcha tokens under "gRecaptchaResponse" (not "token").
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.ErrCaptchaKeyEmpty
+//   - types.CaptchaRequestError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+//   - types.CaptchaPollTimeoutError
+//   - types.CaptchaSolutionKeyError
+func antiCaptchaSolveHCaptcha(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey string) (string, error) {
+	return solveCaptcha(antiCaptchaBaseURL, apiKey, map[string]any{
+		"type":       "HCaptchaTaskProxyless",
+		"websiteURL": websiteURL,
+		"websiteKey": websiteKey,
+	}, "gRecaptchaResponse", false)
+}
+
+// antiCaptchaSolveTurnstile solves a Cloudflare Turnstile challenge via Anti-Captcha.
+// cData may be empty.
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.ErrCaptchaKeyEmpty
+//   - types.CaptchaRequestError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+//   - types.CaptchaPollTimeoutError
+//   - types.CaptchaSolutionKeyError
+func antiCaptchaSolveTurnstile(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey, cData string) (string, error) {
+	task := map[string]any{
+		"type":       "TurnstileTaskProxyless",
+		"websiteURL": websiteURL,
+		"websiteKey": websiteKey,
+	}
+	if cData != "" {
+		task["cData"] = cData
+	}
+	return solveCaptcha(antiCaptchaBaseURL, apiKey, task, "token", false)
+}
+
+// ======================================== CapSolver ========================================
+
+const capSolverBaseURL = "https://api.capsolver.com"
+
+// capSolverSolveRecaptchaV2 solves a Google reCAPTCHA v2 challenge via CapSolver.
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.ErrCaptchaKeyEmpty
+//   - types.CaptchaRequestError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+//   - types.CaptchaPollTimeoutError
+//   - types.CaptchaSolutionKeyError
+func capSolverSolveRecaptchaV2(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey string) (string, error) {
+	return solveCaptcha(capSolverBaseURL, apiKey, map[string]any{
+		"type":       "ReCaptchaV2TaskProxyLess",
+		"websiteURL": websiteURL,
+		"websiteKey": websiteKey,
+	}, "gRecaptchaResponse", true)
+}
+
+// capSolverSolveRecaptchaV3 solves a Google reCAPTCHA v3 challenge via CapSolver.
+// pageAction may be empty.
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.ErrCaptchaKeyEmpty
+//   - types.CaptchaRequestError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+//   - types.CaptchaPollTimeoutError
+//   - types.CaptchaSolutionKeyError
+func capSolverSolveRecaptchaV3(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey, pageAction string) (string, error) {
+	task := map[string]any{
+		"type":       "ReCaptchaV3TaskProxyLess",
+		"websiteURL": websiteURL,
+		"websiteKey": websiteKey,
+	}
+	if pageAction != "" {
+		task["pageAction"] = pageAction
+	}
+	return solveCaptcha(capSolverBaseURL, apiKey, task, "gRecaptchaResponse", true)
+}
+
+// capSolverSolveTurnstile solves a Cloudflare Turnstile challenge via CapSolver.
+// cData may be empty. CapSolver nests cData under a "metadata" object.
+//
+// It can return the following errors:
+//   - types.ErrCaptchaKeyEmpty
+//   - types.CaptchaRequestError
+//   - types.CaptchaDecodeError
+//   - types.CaptchaAPIError
+//   - types.CaptchaPollTimeoutError
+//   - types.CaptchaSolutionKeyError
+func capSolverSolveTurnstile(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey, cData string) (string, error) {
+	task := map[string]any{
+		"type":       "AntiTurnstileTaskProxyLess",
+		"websiteURL": websiteURL,
+		"websiteKey": websiteKey,
+	}
+	if cData != "" {
+		task["metadata"] = map[string]any{"cdata": cData}
+	}
+	return solveCaptcha(capSolverBaseURL, apiKey, task, "token", true)
+}

internal/sarin/client.go

@@ -172,7 +172,6 @@ func fasthttpSocksDialerDualStackTimeout(ctx context.Context, proxyURL *url.URL,
 				return nil, types.NewProxyDialError(proxyStr, err)
 			}
 
-			// Cap DNS resolution to half the timeout to reserve time for dial
 			dnsCtx, dnsCancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, timeout)
 			ips, err := net.DefaultResolver.LookupIP(dnsCtx, "ip", host)
 			dnsCancel()
@@ -244,7 +243,7 @@ func fasthttpHTTPSDialerDualStackTimeout(proxyURL *url.URL, timeout time.Duratio
 		}
 
 		// Upgrade to TLS
-		tlsConn := tls.Client(conn, &tls.Config{ //nolint:gosec
+		tlsConn := tls.Client(conn, &tls.Config{
 			ServerName: proxyURL.Hostname(),
 		})
 		if err := tlsConn.Handshake(); err != nil {

internal/sarin/helpers.go

@@ -8,7 +8,14 @@ import (
 func NewDefaultRandSource() rand.Source {
 	now := time.Now().UnixNano()
 	return rand.NewPCG(
-		uint64(now),     //nolint:gosec // G115: Safe conversion; UnixNano timestamp used as random seed, bit pattern is intentional
+		uint64(now),
-		uint64(now>>32), //nolint:gosec // G115: Safe conversion; right-shifted timestamp for seed entropy, overflow is acceptable
+		uint64(now>>32),
 	)
 }
+
+func firstOrEmpty(values []string) string {
+	if len(values) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return values[0]
+}

internal/sarin/request.go

@@ -43,19 +43,34 @@ func NewRequestGenerator(
 	randSource := NewDefaultRandSource()
 	//nolint:gosec // G404: Using non-cryptographic rand for load testing, not security
 	localRand := rand.New(randSource)
-	templateFuncMap := NewDefaultTemplateFuncMap(randSource, fileCache)
 
-	pathGenerator, isPathGeneratorDynamic := createTemplateFunc(requestURL.Path, templateFuncMap)
+	// Funcs() is only called if a value actually contains template syntax.
-	methodGenerator, isMethodGeneratorDynamic := NewMethodGeneratorFunc(localRand, methods, templateFuncMap)
+	// The root template is shared across all createTemplateFunc calls so Funcs() is called at most once.
-	paramsGenerator, isParamsGeneratorDynamic := NewParamsGeneratorFunc(localRand, params, templateFuncMap)
+	var templateRoot *template.Template
-	headersGenerator, isHeadersGeneratorDynamic := NewHeadersGeneratorFunc(localRand, headers, templateFuncMap)
+	lazyTemplateRoot := func() *template.Template {
-	cookiesGenerator, isCookiesGeneratorDynamic := NewCookiesGeneratorFunc(localRand, cookies, templateFuncMap)
+		if templateRoot == nil {
+			templateRoot = template.New("").Funcs(NewDefaultTemplateFuncMap(randSource, fileCache))
+		}
+		return templateRoot
+	}
+
+	pathGenerator, isPathGeneratorDynamic := createTemplateFunc(requestURL.Path, lazyTemplateRoot)
+	methodGenerator, isMethodGeneratorDynamic := NewMethodGeneratorFunc(localRand, methods, lazyTemplateRoot)
+	paramsGenerator, isParamsGeneratorDynamic := NewParamsGeneratorFunc(localRand, params, lazyTemplateRoot)
+	headersGenerator, isHeadersGeneratorDynamic := NewHeadersGeneratorFunc(localRand, headers, lazyTemplateRoot)
+	cookiesGenerator, isCookiesGeneratorDynamic := NewCookiesGeneratorFunc(localRand, cookies, lazyTemplateRoot)
 
 	bodyTemplateFuncMapData := &BodyTemplateFuncMapData{}
-	bodyTemplateFuncMap := NewDefaultBodyTemplateFuncMap(randSource, bodyTemplateFuncMapData, fileCache)
+	var bodyTemplateRoot *template.Template
-	bodyGenerator, isBodyGeneratorDynamic := NewBodyGeneratorFunc(localRand, bodies, bodyTemplateFuncMap)
+	lazyBodyTemplateRoot := func() *template.Template {
+		if bodyTemplateRoot == nil {
+			bodyTemplateRoot = template.New("").Funcs(NewDefaultBodyTemplateFuncMap(randSource, bodyTemplateFuncMapData, fileCache))
+		}
+		return bodyTemplateRoot
+	}
+	bodyGenerator, isBodyGeneratorDynamic := NewBodyGeneratorFunc(localRand, bodies, lazyBodyTemplateRoot)
 
-	valuesGenerator := NewValuesGeneratorFunc(values, templateFuncMap)
+	valuesGenerator := NewValuesGeneratorFunc(values, lazyTemplateRoot)
 
 	hasScripts := scriptTransformer != nil && !scriptTransformer.IsEmpty()
 
@@ -91,7 +106,7 @@ func NewRequestGenerator(
 				return err
 			}
 
-			bodyTemplateFuncMapData.ClearFormDataContenType()
+			bodyTemplateFuncMapData.ClearFormDataContentType()
 			if err = bodyGenerator(reqData, data); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
@@ -99,8 +114,8 @@ func NewRequestGenerator(
 			if err = headersGenerator(reqData, data); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-			if bodyTemplateFuncMapData.GetFormDataContenType() != "" {
+			if bodyTemplateFuncMapData.GetFormDataContentType() != "" {
-				reqData.Headers["Content-Type"] = append(reqData.Headers["Content-Type"], bodyTemplateFuncMapData.GetFormDataContenType())
+				reqData.Headers["Content-Type"] = append(reqData.Headers["Content-Type"], bodyTemplateFuncMapData.GetFormDataContentType())
 			}
 
 			if err = paramsGenerator(reqData, data); err != nil {
@@ -170,8 +185,8 @@ func applyRequestDataToFastHTTP(reqData *script.RequestData, req *fasthttp.Reque
 	}
 }
 
-func NewMethodGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, methods []string, templateFunctions template.FuncMap) (requestDataGenerator, bool) {
+func NewMethodGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, methods []string, lazyRoot func() *template.Template) (requestDataGenerator, bool) {
-	methodGenerator, isDynamic := buildStringSliceGenerator(localRand, methods, templateFunctions)
+	methodGenerator, isDynamic := buildStringSliceGenerator(localRand, methods, lazyRoot)
 
 	var (
 		method string
@@ -188,8 +203,8 @@ func NewMethodGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, methods []string, templateFunc
 	}, isDynamic
 }
 
-func NewBodyGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, bodies []string, templateFunctions template.FuncMap) (requestDataGenerator, bool) {
+func NewBodyGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, bodies []string, lazyRoot func() *template.Template) (requestDataGenerator, bool) {
-	bodyGenerator, isDynamic := buildStringSliceGenerator(localRand, bodies, templateFunctions)
+	bodyGenerator, isDynamic := buildStringSliceGenerator(localRand, bodies, lazyRoot)
 
 	var (
 		body string
@@ -206,8 +221,8 @@ func NewBodyGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, bodies []string, templateFunctio
 	}, isDynamic
 }
 
-func NewParamsGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, params types.Params, templateFunctions template.FuncMap) (requestDataGenerator, bool) {
+func NewParamsGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, params types.Params, lazyRoot func() *template.Template) (requestDataGenerator, bool) {
-	generators, isDynamic := buildKeyValueGenerators(localRand, params, templateFunctions)
+	generators, isDynamic := buildKeyValueGenerators(localRand, params, lazyRoot)
 
 	var (
 		key, value string
@@ -231,8 +246,8 @@ func NewParamsGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, params types.Params, templateF
 	}, isDynamic
 }
 
-func NewHeadersGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, headers types.Headers, templateFunctions template.FuncMap) (requestDataGenerator, bool) {
+func NewHeadersGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, headers types.Headers, lazyRoot func() *template.Template) (requestDataGenerator, bool) {
-	generators, isDynamic := buildKeyValueGenerators(localRand, headers, templateFunctions)
+	generators, isDynamic := buildKeyValueGenerators(localRand, headers, lazyRoot)
 
 	var (
 		key, value string
@@ -256,8 +271,8 @@ func NewHeadersGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, headers types.Headers, templa
 	}, isDynamic
 }
 
-func NewCookiesGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, cookies types.Cookies, templateFunctions template.FuncMap) (requestDataGenerator, bool) {
+func NewCookiesGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, cookies types.Cookies, lazyRoot func() *template.Template) (requestDataGenerator, bool) {
-	generators, isDynamic := buildKeyValueGenerators(localRand, cookies, templateFunctions)
+	generators, isDynamic := buildKeyValueGenerators(localRand, cookies, lazyRoot)
 
 	var (
 		key, value string
@@ -281,11 +296,11 @@ func NewCookiesGeneratorFunc(localRand *rand.Rand, cookies types.Cookies, templa
 	}, isDynamic
 }
 
-func NewValuesGeneratorFunc(values []string, templateFunctions template.FuncMap) func() (valuesData, error) {
+func NewValuesGeneratorFunc(values []string, lazyRoot func() *template.Template) func() (valuesData, error) {
 	generators := make([]func(_ any) (string, error), len(values))
 
 	for i, v := range values {
-		generators[i], _ = createTemplateFunc(v, templateFunctions)
+		generators[i], _ = createTemplateFunc(v, lazyRoot)
 	}
 
 	var (
@@ -313,8 +328,12 @@ func NewValuesGeneratorFunc(values []string, templateFunctions template.FuncMap)
 	}
 }
 
-func createTemplateFunc(value string, templateFunctions template.FuncMap) (func(data any) (string, error), bool) {
+func createTemplateFunc(value string, lazyRoot func() *template.Template) (func(data any) (string, error), bool) {
-	tmpl, err := template.New("").Funcs(templateFunctions).Parse(value)
+	if !strings.Contains(value, "{{") {
+		return func(_ any) (string, error) { return value, nil }, false
+	}
+
+	tmpl, err := lazyRoot().New("").Parse(value)
 	if err == nil && hasTemplateActions(tmpl) {
 		var err error
 		return func(data any) (string, error) {
@@ -340,7 +359,7 @@ type keyValueItem interface {
 func buildKeyValueGenerators[T keyValueItem](
 	localRand *rand.Rand,
 	items []T,
-	templateFunctions template.FuncMap,
+	lazyRoot func() *template.Template,
 ) ([]keyValueGenerator, bool) {
 	isDynamic := false
 	generators := make([]keyValueGenerator, len(items))
@@ -350,7 +369,7 @@ func buildKeyValueGenerators[T keyValueItem](
 		keyValue := types.KeyValue[string, []string](item)
 
 		// Generate key function
-		keyFunc, keyIsDynamic := createTemplateFunc(keyValue.Key, templateFunctions)
+		keyFunc, keyIsDynamic := createTemplateFunc(keyValue.Key, lazyRoot)
 		if keyIsDynamic {
 			isDynamic = true
 		}
@@ -358,7 +377,7 @@ func buildKeyValueGenerators[T keyValueItem](
 		// Generate value functions
 		valueFuncs := make([]func(data any) (string, error), len(keyValue.Value))
 		for j, v := range keyValue.Value {
-			valueFunc, valueIsDynamic := createTemplateFunc(v, templateFunctions)
+			valueFunc, valueIsDynamic := createTemplateFunc(v, lazyRoot)
 			if valueIsDynamic {
 				isDynamic = true
 			}
@@ -381,7 +400,7 @@ func buildKeyValueGenerators[T keyValueItem](
 func buildStringSliceGenerator(
 	localRand *rand.Rand,
 	values []string,
-	templateFunctions template.FuncMap,
+	lazyRoot func() *template.Template,
 ) (func() func(data any) (string, error), bool) {
 	// Return a function that returns an empty string generator if values is empty
 	if len(values) == 0 {
@@ -393,7 +412,7 @@ func buildStringSliceGenerator(
 	valueFuncs := make([]func(data any) (string, error), len(values))
 
 	for i, value := range values {
-		valueFunc, valueIsDynamic := createTemplateFunc(value, templateFunctions)
+		valueFunc, valueIsDynamic := createTemplateFunc(value, lazyRoot)
 		if valueIsDynamic {
 			isDynamic = true
 		}

internal/sarin/sarin.go

@@ -484,13 +484,11 @@ func newHostClients(
 		proxiesRaw[i] = url.URL(proxy)
 	}
 
-	maxConns := max(fasthttp.DefaultMaxConnsPerHost, workers)
-	maxConns = ((maxConns * 50 / 100) + maxConns)
 	return NewHostClients(
 		ctx,
 		timeout,
 		proxiesRaw,
-		maxConns,
+		workers,
 		requestURL,
 		skipCertVerify,
 	)

internal/sarin/template.go

@@ -2,7 +2,12 @@ package sarin
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"crypto/hmac"
+	"crypto/md5" // #nosec G501 -- exposed intentionally as a template utility helper
+	"crypto/sha256"
 	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"math/rand/v2"
 	"mime/multipart"
 	"strings"
@@ -81,7 +86,79 @@ func NewDefaultTemplateFuncMap(randSource rand.Source, fileCache *FileCache) tem
 		"slice_Uint": func(values ...uint) []uint { return values },
 		"slice_Join": strings.Join,
 
+		// JSON
+		// json_Encode marshals any value to a JSON string.
+		// Usage: {{ json_Encode (dict_Str "key" "value") }}
+		"json_Encode": func(v any) (string, error) {
+			data, err := json.Marshal(v)
+			if err != nil {
+				return "", types.NewJSONEncodeError(err)
+			}
+			return string(data), nil
+		},
+		// json_Object builds a JSON object from interleaved key-value pairs and returns it
+		// as a JSON string. Keys must be strings; values may be any JSON-encodable type.
+		// Usage: {{ json_Object "name" "Alice" "age" 30 }}
+		"json_Object": func(pairs ...any) (string, error) {
+			if len(pairs)%2 != 0 {
+				return "", types.ErrJSONObjectOddArgs
+			}
+			obj := make(map[string]any, len(pairs)/2)
+			for i := 0; i < len(pairs); i += 2 {
+				key, ok := pairs[i].(string)
+				if !ok {
+					return "", types.NewJSONObjectKeyError(i, pairs[i])
+				}
+				obj[key] = pairs[i+1]
+			}
+			data, err := json.Marshal(obj)
+			if err != nil {
+				return "", types.NewJSONEncodeError(err)
+			}
+			return string(data), nil
+		},
+
+		// Time
+		"time_NowUnix":      func() int64 { return time.Now().Unix() },
+		"time_NowUnixMilli": func() int64 { return time.Now().UnixMilli() },
+		"time_NowRFC3339":   func() string { return time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339) },
+		"time_Format": func(layout string, t time.Time) string {
+			return t.Format(layout)
+		},
+
+		// Crypto
+		"crypto_SHA256": func(s string) string {
+			sum := sha256.Sum256([]byte(s))
+			return hex.EncodeToString(sum[:])
+		},
+		"crypto_MD5": func(s string) string {
+			sum := md5.Sum([]byte(s)) // #nosec G401 -- MD5 is intentionally provided as a non-security template helper
+			return hex.EncodeToString(sum[:])
+		},
+		"crypto_HMACSHA256": func(key string, msg string) string {
+			mac := hmac.New(sha256.New, []byte(key))
+			_, _ = mac.Write([]byte(msg))
+			return hex.EncodeToString(mac.Sum(nil))
+		},
+		"crypto_Base64URL": func(s string) string {
+			return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(s))
+		},
+
 		// File
+		// file_Read reads a file (local or remote URL) and returns its content as a string.
+		// Usage: {{ file_Read "/path/to/file.txt" }}
+		//        {{ file_Read "https://example.com/data.txt" }}
+		"file_Read": func(source string) (string, error) {
+			if fileCache == nil {
+				return "", types.ErrFileCacheNotInitialized
+			}
+			cached, err := fileCache.GetOrLoad(source)
+			if err != nil {
+				return "", err
+			}
+			return string(cached.Content), nil
+		},
+
 		// file_Base64 reads a file (local or remote URL) and returns its Base64 encoded content.
 		// Usage: {{ file_Base64 "/path/to/file.pdf" }}
 		//        {{ file_Base64 "https://example.com/image.png" }}
@@ -242,7 +319,7 @@ func NewDefaultTemplateFuncMap(randSource rand.Source, fileCache *FileCache) tem
 		"fakeit_AdverbFrequencyDefinite":   fakeit.AdverbFrequencyDefinite,
 		"fakeit_AdverbFrequencyIndefinite": fakeit.AdverbFrequencyIndefinite,
 
-		// Propositions
+		// Prepositions
 		"fakeit_Preposition":         fakeit.Preposition,
 		"fakeit_PrepositionSimple":   fakeit.PrepositionSimple,
 		"fakeit_PrepositionDouble":   fakeit.PrepositionDouble,
@@ -530,8 +607,7 @@ func NewDefaultTemplateFuncMap(randSource rand.Source, fileCache *FileCache) tem
 		"fakeit_ErrorHTTP":       func() string { return fakeit.ErrorHTTP().Error() },
 		"fakeit_ErrorHTTPClient": func() string { return fakeit.ErrorHTTPClient().Error() },
 		"fakeit_ErrorHTTPServer": func() string { return fakeit.ErrorHTTPServer().Error() },
-		// "fakeit_ErrorInput": func() string { return fakeit.ErrorInput().Error() },
+		"fakeit_ErrorRuntime":    func() string { return fakeit.ErrorRuntime().Error() },
-		"fakeit_ErrorRuntime": func() string { return fakeit.ErrorRuntime().Error() },
 
 		// Fakeit / School
 		"fakeit_School": fakeit.School,
@@ -541,19 +617,68 @@ func NewDefaultTemplateFuncMap(randSource rand.Source, fileCache *FileCache) tem
 		"fakeit_SongName":   fakeit.SongName,
 		"fakeit_SongArtist": fakeit.SongArtist,
 		"fakeit_SongGenre":  fakeit.SongGenre,
+
+		// Captcha / 2Captcha
+		// Usage: {{ twocaptcha_RecaptchaV2 "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com" }}
+		"twocaptcha_RecaptchaV2": func(apiKey, websiteKey, websiteURL string) (string, error) {
+			return twoCaptchaSolveRecaptchaV2(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey)
+		},
+		// Usage: {{ twocaptcha_RecaptchaV3 "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com" "action" }}
+		"twocaptcha_RecaptchaV3": func(apiKey, websiteKey, websiteURL, pageAction string) (string, error) {
+			return twoCaptchaSolveRecaptchaV3(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey, pageAction)
+		},
+		// Usage: {{ twocaptcha_Turnstile "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com" }}
+		//        {{ twocaptcha_Turnstile "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com" "cdata" }}
+		"twocaptcha_Turnstile": func(apiKey, websiteKey, websiteURL string, cData ...string) (string, error) {
+			return twoCaptchaSolveTurnstile(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey, firstOrEmpty(cData))
+		},
+
+		// Captcha / Anti-Captcha
+		// Usage: {{ anticaptcha_RecaptchaV2 "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com" }}
+		"anticaptcha_RecaptchaV2": func(apiKey, websiteKey, websiteURL string) (string, error) {
+			return antiCaptchaSolveRecaptchaV2(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey)
+		},
+		// Usage: {{ anticaptcha_RecaptchaV3 "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com" "action" }}
+		"anticaptcha_RecaptchaV3": func(apiKey, websiteKey, websiteURL, pageAction string) (string, error) {
+			return antiCaptchaSolveRecaptchaV3(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey, pageAction)
+		},
+		// Usage: {{ anticaptcha_HCaptcha "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com" }}
+		"anticaptcha_HCaptcha": func(apiKey, websiteKey, websiteURL string) (string, error) {
+			return antiCaptchaSolveHCaptcha(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey)
+		},
+		// Usage: {{ anticaptcha_Turnstile "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com" }}
+		//        {{ anticaptcha_Turnstile "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com" "cdata" }}
+		"anticaptcha_Turnstile": func(apiKey, websiteKey, websiteURL string, cData ...string) (string, error) {
+			return antiCaptchaSolveTurnstile(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey, firstOrEmpty(cData))
+		},
+
+		// Captcha / CapSolver
+		// Usage: {{ capsolver_RecaptchaV2 "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com" }}
+		"capsolver_RecaptchaV2": func(apiKey, websiteKey, websiteURL string) (string, error) {
+			return capSolverSolveRecaptchaV2(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey)
+		},
+		// Usage: {{ capsolver_RecaptchaV3 "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com" "action" }}
+		"capsolver_RecaptchaV3": func(apiKey, websiteKey, websiteURL, pageAction string) (string, error) {
+			return capSolverSolveRecaptchaV3(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey, pageAction)
+		},
+		// Usage: {{ capsolver_Turnstile "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com" }}
+		//        {{ capsolver_Turnstile "API_KEY" "SITE_KEY" "https://example.com" "cdata" }}
+		"capsolver_Turnstile": func(apiKey, websiteKey, websiteURL string, cData ...string) (string, error) {
+			return capSolverSolveTurnstile(apiKey, websiteURL, websiteKey, firstOrEmpty(cData))
+		},
 	}
 }
 
 type BodyTemplateFuncMapData struct {
-	formDataContenType string
+	formDataContentType string
 }
 
-func (data BodyTemplateFuncMapData) GetFormDataContenType() string {
+func (data BodyTemplateFuncMapData) GetFormDataContentType() string {
-	return data.formDataContenType
+	return data.formDataContentType
 }
 
-func (data *BodyTemplateFuncMapData) ClearFormDataContenType() {
+func (data *BodyTemplateFuncMapData) ClearFormDataContentType() {
-	data.formDataContenType = ""
+	data.formDataContentType = ""
 }
 
 func NewDefaultBodyTemplateFuncMap(
@@ -584,7 +709,7 @@ func NewDefaultBodyTemplateFuncMap(
 
 			var multipartData bytes.Buffer
 			writer := multipart.NewWriter(&multipartData)
-			data.formDataContenType = writer.FormDataContentType()
+			data.formDataContentType = writer.FormDataContentType()
 
 			for i := 0; i < len(pairs); i += 2 {
 				key := pairs[i]

internal/types/errors.go

@@ -208,8 +208,41 @@ func (e URLParseError) Unwrap() error {
 var (
 	ErrFileCacheNotInitialized = errors.New("file cache is not initialized")
 	ErrFormDataOddArgs         = errors.New("body_FormData requires an even number of arguments (key-value pairs)")
+	ErrJSONObjectOddArgs       = errors.New("json_Object requires an even number of arguments (key-value pairs)")
 )
 
+type JSONObjectKeyError struct {
+	Index int
+	Value any
+}
+
+func NewJSONObjectKeyError(index int, value any) JSONObjectKeyError {
+	return JSONObjectKeyError{Index: index, Value: value}
+}
+
+func (e JSONObjectKeyError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("json_Object key at index %d must be a string, got %T", e.Index, e.Value)
+}
+
+type JSONEncodeError struct {
+	Err error
+}
+
+func NewJSONEncodeError(err error) JSONEncodeError {
+	if err == nil {
+		err = errNoError
+	}
+	return JSONEncodeError{Err: err}
+}
+
+func (e JSONEncodeError) Error() string {
+	return "json_Encode failed: " + e.Err.Error()
+}
+
+func (e JSONEncodeError) Unwrap() error {
+	return e.Err
+}
+
 type TemplateParseError struct {
 	Err error
 }
@@ -442,3 +475,91 @@ func NewScriptUnknownEngineError(engineType string) ScriptUnknownEngineError {
 func (e ScriptUnknownEngineError) Error() string {
 	return "unknown engine type: " + e.EngineType
 }
+
+// ======================================== Captcha ========================================
+
+var (
+	ErrCaptchaKeyEmpty = errors.New("captcha API key cannot be empty")
+	// ErrCaptchaProcessing is an internal sentinel returned by the captcha solver polling
+	// code to signal that a task is not yet solved and polling should continue.
+	// It should never be surfaced to callers outside of the captcha poll loop.
+	ErrCaptchaProcessing = errors.New("captcha task still processing")
+)
+
+type CaptchaAPIError struct {
+	Endpoint    string
+	Code        string
+	Description string
+}
+
+func NewCaptchaAPIError(endpoint, code, description string) CaptchaAPIError {
+	return CaptchaAPIError{Endpoint: endpoint, Code: code, Description: description}
+}
+
+func (e CaptchaAPIError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("captcha %s error: %s (%s)", e.Endpoint, e.Code, e.Description)
+}
+
+type CaptchaRequestError struct {
+	Endpoint string
+	Err      error
+}
+
+func NewCaptchaRequestError(endpoint string, err error) CaptchaRequestError {
+	if err == nil {
+		err = errNoError
+	}
+	return CaptchaRequestError{Endpoint: endpoint, Err: err}
+}
+
+func (e CaptchaRequestError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("captcha %s request failed: %v", e.Endpoint, e.Err)
+}
+
+func (e CaptchaRequestError) Unwrap() error {
+	return e.Err
+}
+
+type CaptchaDecodeError struct {
+	Endpoint string
+	Err      error
+}
+
+func NewCaptchaDecodeError(endpoint string, err error) CaptchaDecodeError {
+	if err == nil {
+		err = errNoError
+	}
+	return CaptchaDecodeError{Endpoint: endpoint, Err: err}
+}
+
+func (e CaptchaDecodeError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("captcha %s decode failed: %v", e.Endpoint, e.Err)
+}
+
+func (e CaptchaDecodeError) Unwrap() error {
+	return e.Err
+}
+
+type CaptchaPollTimeoutError struct {
+	TaskID string
+}
+
+func NewCaptchaPollTimeoutError(taskID string) CaptchaPollTimeoutError {
+	return CaptchaPollTimeoutError{TaskID: taskID}
+}
+
+func (e CaptchaPollTimeoutError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("captcha solving timed out (taskId: %s)", e.TaskID)
+}
+
+type CaptchaSolutionKeyError struct {
+	Key string
+}
+
+func NewCaptchaSolutionKeyError(key string) CaptchaSolutionKeyError {
+	return CaptchaSolutionKeyError{Key: key}
+}
+
+func (e CaptchaSolutionKeyError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("captcha solution missing expected key %q", e.Key)
+}